The Castle of Santa Caterina is located on the summit of Monte Santa Caterina from which the entire island of Favignana is dominated. It is a castle that during the modern era was the protagonist of many reconstructions and today is monumental and of great beauty.
Built as a watchtower in the ninth century AD, during the reign of Roger d'Altavilla, in 1081, it was enlarged and, in the fifteenth century, strengthened by Andrea Rizzo, Lord of Favignana, who had it restored in its current form, with stone of tuff obtained on the island, in order to counteract the frequent Saracen attacks. In 1655, the fort was remodeled to be sent to prison by the Bourbons from 1794 to 1860. About 32,000 people suffered the prison in Santa Caterina. During the 1860 uprising, which led to the unification of Italy, the castle was looted and devastated. After various uses, it was used during the Second World War and equipped with artillery posts to defend the island. He is currently in a state of neglect.
Erected in local limestone with a rectangular shape with symmetrical projections to the four corners, the castle of Santa Caterina was equipped with a ground floor buried in the rock and used, since the seventeenth century, the reception of political prisoners. The first floor consisted of premises likely to house the garrison and overlooked by the sighting terrace. A small moat ran along the facade and the entrance was possible through a drawbridge. The light inside the castle penetrated through a large number of ogival windows, loopholes, glimmers and holes. On the upper floor there were a series of low vaulted rooms that belonged to officers and soldiers. There was also a chapel dedicated to Saint Catherine where the priest officiated Mass for the inmates. It can therefore be assumed that the name of Santa Caterina derives from the church or chapel of which the Normans built the castle.